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Vijayan, A. K.
- Effect of Culture Filtrates of some Seed Borne Fungi of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth
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Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 7 (1990), Pagination: 559-563Abstract
Effect of metabolites of nine fungi isolated from seeds of Dalbergia sissoo viz., Asptrgillus niger, A. flavus, A phoenicis, A. tamarii, A. sydowi, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. solani and a black sterile fungus was studied on seed gemination and seedling growth (ischolar_main and shoot lengths). The reduction in seed germination and seedling growth may be ascribed to toxic substances secreted by the test fungi. The rating of the fungi on the basis of inhibitory effects placed A. niger as highly potent followed by other fungi. The metabolites of A. sydowi, however, produced a synergistic effect.
- Triplet Seedlings in Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.)
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Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 4 (1988), Pagination: 239-239Abstract
No abstract- Mollitrichosiphum Spp: A New Record of Aphid from Alder-Large Cardamom Ecosystem in Sikkim
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1 Department of Entomology, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
4 Department of Crop Botany, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
4 Department of Crop Botany, Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Spices Board, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN
Source
International Journal of Forestry and Crop Improvement, Vol 5, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 94-97Abstract
Aphids (Hemiptera: Apihidoidea) pest problems were well known worldwide. A total 823 species in 222 genera and 18 sub families of the family Aphididae were known from the Indian sub continent. In Eastern Himalayas and North East India, 464 species in 147 genera in 15 sub families of aphids were known to be available. Sikkim belonged to NE India. From Sikkim, 26 important Aphids were reported so far. Three species of aphids were known to be associated with Alder (Alnus nepalensis) in North East India. Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) was an important cash crop of Eastern Himalayan region. It was sciophytes i.e., the plant grew under shade. The crop grew somewhat wild in nature and damage due to insect pests was common. It was infested by various pests and diseases causing considerable amount of monetary loss. Surveillance was conducted in alder - large cardamom ecosystem in four different districts of Sikkim during 2011 to 2013. Mollitrichosiphum spp reported for the first time from Sikkim region. An observation about aphid species associated with alder tree in large cardamom ecosystem in Sikkim was presented.Keywords
Alnus nepalensis, Aphis Spp., Large Cardamom, Mollitrichosiphum Spp., Sikkim.References
- Azad, Thakur N.S. (1980). Pest complex on large cardamom in Sikkim. Krishi Samachar, 3: 19-20.
- Azad, Thakur, N.S. (1982). Seasonal incidence of insect pest of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) in Sikkim. Research Bulletin No. 21. ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Shillong (MEGHALAYA) INDIA.
- Chakrabarti, S., Sarkar, S. and Debnath, M. (2012). Diversity bio ecology and bio systematic of Aphidophagous predators of eastern Himalaya and North east India. In Biodiversitat und Naturausstattung in Himalaya IV-Erfurt by Hartmann and Weipert, 129-147 pp.
- Deka, T.N., Gudade, B.A., Saju, K.A., Vijayan, A.K., Gupta, U., Chhetri, P. and Bhattarai, N.K. (2013). Himalayan palm civet (Paguma larvata C.E.H. Smith) and Indian wild Boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) as mammalian pest of large cardamom. Life Sci. Leaflets, 12: 25-29.
- Deka, T.N., Sudharshan, M.R. and Saju, K.A. (2011). New record of bumble bee Bombus breviceps Smith as a pollinator of large cardamom. Curr. Sci., 100 (6): 926-928.
- Ghosh, A.K. and Raichaudhuri, D.N. (1982). Ecology of natural enemy complex of Aphidoidea ( Homoptera ) in some areas of eastern India. Proceeding of the symposium on ecology of animal population. Zoological Survey of India, 3: 55-69.
- Gudade, B.A., Chhetri, P., Gupta, U. and Harsha, K.N. (2013). More large cardamom under Alnus tree. Indian Hort., 58 (2): 19-20.
- Gudade, B.A., Chhetri, P., Gupta, U., Bhattrai, N.K., Deka, T.N. and Vijayan, A.K. (2014). The study of ecofriendly practices of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) cultivation in Sikkim and Darjeeling region. Ecol. Environ. & Conser., 20 (1): 125-129.
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- Kishore, K., Kalita, H., Rinchen, D. and Pandey, B. (2012). Floral biology of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 82 (7): 578-582.
- Rao, Y.S., Gupta, U., Kumar, A. and Naidu, R. (1993). A note on large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) germplasm collection. J. Spices & Aromatic Crops, 2 (1&2): 77-80.
- Remaudiere, G. and Remaudier, M. (1997). Catalogue of the World's Aphididae. Homoptera Aphidoidea. Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 1-473pp.
- Saju, K.A., Deka, T.N., Gupta, U., Biswas, A.K., Vijayan, A.K. and Thomas, J. (2010). As epiphytotic of Colletotrichum blight affecting large cardamom in Sikkim and Darjeeling. J. Hill Res., 23 (1&2):14-21.
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- Zhang, D. and Qiao, G.X. (2010). Mollitrichosiphum suenaga from China (Hemiptera Aphididae), with the description of one new species. Zootaxa, 2608: 1-24.
- Zhang, R., Huang, X., Jiang, L. and Qiao, G. (2011). Phylogeny and species differentiation of Mollitrichosiphum spp. (Aphididae, Greenideinae) based on mitochondrial COI and Cyt b genes. Curr. Zool., 57 (6): 806-815.
- Field Evaluation of Trichoderma Isolates in the Biocontrol of Rhizome Rot Disease of Small Cardamom
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Kailasanadu, Idukki, Kerala - 685 553, IN
1 Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Kailasanadu, Idukki, Kerala - 685 553, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 8, No 2 (1994), Pagination: 111-114Abstract
Small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), ... the Queen of Spices is au important spice crop cultivated on a large scale in the Western ghats of South India. Rhizome rot is a major disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn in cardamom plantations. The disease occurs in a severe form during monsoon and results in heavy crop losses. In the present study, exotic and native isolates of Trichoderma viride Pers. Fr. and T.harzianum Rifai were tested against the pathogen under in vitro conditions. These isolates were further evaluated in disease-prone areas in the field. Results showed that all the isolates tested showed antagonistic activity through hyphal coiling, penetration and lysis of the hyphae of the pathogen besides inducing growth inhibition of the laller. Among the nine isolates tested in the field, eight were found effective in controlling the disease incidence. An exotic isolate of T. harzianum and a native isolate of T. viride were found to be most effective, the reduction in disease incidence being upto 52 to 69 per cent.Keywords
Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Biocontrol, Rhizoctonia solani, Cardamom.Full Text
- Evaluation of Antagonists and their Efficacy in Managing Rot Diseases of Small Cardamom
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Kailasanad - 685553, IN
1 Indian Cardamom Research Institute, Myladumpara, Kailasanad - 685553, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 7, No 1 (1993), Pagination: 29-36Abstract
The small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) is severely affected by 'Azhukal' (capsule rot) and rhizome rot diseases caused by Phytophthora meadii McRae, Pythium vexans de Bary and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn respectively. In an attempt to control these diseases through non-chemical methods, antagonistic fungi and bacteria were tested as bio-control agents against these rot pathogens. The common antagonists such as Trichoderma viride Pers.fr, T. harsianum Rifai, Laetisaria arvalis Burdsall and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenburg Cohn) were tested under in vitro, pot culture and field conditions to evaluate their efficacy in suppressing the pathogens and minimising disease incidence. All the antagonists tested in vitro interacted with the pathogens by growth inhibition, anastamoses and hyphal lysis. Pot culture studies on the effect of these antagonists on pathogens showed varying degrees of disease reduction. Application of antagonists in Phytophthora-sick soils reduced soil disease potential index and percentage disease incidence. The potentiality or these biocontrol agents in monitoring rot diseases of small cardamom is discussed in this paper.
Keywords
Cardamom, Trichoderma, Azhukal Disease, Laetisatia, Phytophthora, Antagonist.Full Text